If the government would not improve itself, he argued, it was a just man's duty to refuse to support it. Thoreau was not an anarchist he did not believe that there should be no government, only a more just one than currently existed. The following year his essay on the topic, "Civil Disobedience," was published. He spent a night in jail for this offense in 1848, and was released the next morning when a friend (against his wishes) paid the tax for him. In protest, Thoreau refused to pay his poll taxes. He was an outspoken opponent of slavery and bitterly opposed the Mexican-American War, which he viewed as an act of American aggression. Thoreau had some serious problems with the way the United States was run. Henry David Thoreau: "Civil Disobedience"
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